Kurdish Journalism by Hoshyar Karim MPhil. UCL

Author:Hoshyar Karim, MPhil. UCL [Hoshyar Karim, MPhil. UCL]
Language: eng
Format: epub
ISBN: 9781504941532
Publisher: AuthorHouseUK
Published: 2015-09-30T04:00:00+00:00

This paper was the successor to the (Zhiyanawa) newspaper and was published by the Municipality at Sulaymani. The reason for changing the title to (Zhiyan) was announced in the first page of the first issue under the heading in Kurdish “The new title for our paper” it reads in Kurdish, “it is clear for everybody what happened to our city of Sulaimani as the result of the last take over (by Sheikh Mahmud), which brought the city disaster and misfortune. Consequently, the city’s newspaper became dull and colourless, until the Great Protector (Imperial troops) put an end to their activities and revived us and the newspaper. In order to represent this fact the paper was called (Zhiyanawa = Revival). It is the message of our nation’s revival; now that stage is over and now it is a new era. In order to represent our life and existence we found it necessary to be called (Zhiyan).” It was like its predecessor an official organ of the local administration. Its contents, besides political articles and official news, included also literary articles and poems by the contemporary Kurdish poets, which were criticizing in a metaphorical manner the former administration (Sheikh Mahmud’s administration). Although it was a pro government paper it still supported on several occasions issues raised by the Kurdish members in the Iraqi Parliament. On pages 1-3 no. 166 dated 11 April 1929 it commented on a report being raised by the Kurdish members in the Parliament demanding the formation of a new province ‘Dihok’ and also on the occasion of their demand for education development in Kurdish areas (Iraqi Kurdistan), English translation “The whole nation is happy to have representatives like you in the House of Parliament. For your legitimate demands the whole nation is supporting you. In the name of our paper and the whole Kurdish nation we express our thanks and gratitude.” From no.407 dated 16 August 1934 when Peramerd became the owner and editor of the newspaper, it became more independent and criticized the Central government directly or indirectly. For instance on page 3 of no. 474 dated 4 April 1936 it sharply criticized the Central Government for transferring a Kurdish teacher to the south of Iraq, stating (English translation) “The education authorities announce that Kurds have not enough teachers to teach in Kurdish schools, but surprisingly they have transferred Rafiq Hilmi from Sulaimani to teach in the South.” (Rafiq Hilmi was the editor of the nos. 4-13 of ‘Umedi Istiqlal’, entry no. 17).

The newspaper had several editors, but their names were not given in the paper before no. 450 which bears the name of the owner and editor Peramerd. The editor of the paper was usually the manager of the Municipality Printing Press (which was called also Government Printing Press) at the same time, as the latter’s major function was printing the newspaper. In a notice on page 2 of no. 82 of this newspaper’s predecessor (Zhiyanawa) we understand that Mohammed Adib took also over responsibility of editing the newspaper after the resignation of Jamil Saib.

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